Abstract
Establishing hospitals was an important mission of modern Christianity in China. This article argues that hospitals run by social evangelicals had both direct and indirect missionary functions, and some existing academic theories are not in line with reality. After the 1920s, the social service of social evangelical hospitals increased and became independent institutions, moving towards secularization and weakening their religious nature. However, they had always been charitable service institutions managed by missionaries and funded by foreign funds, and their religious nature had always existed.
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